Pennsylvania Esthetician State Board Practice Exam

What natural substance prevents bacterial growth on the skin through external application?

1. Antiseptic

2. Antibiotic

3. Astringent

4. Moisturizer

The correct answer is: Antiseptic

The correct answer is antiseptic. Antiseptics are substances that are applied to the skin to reduce the possibility of infection by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. They are commonly used in various settings, from clinical environments to personal care routines, to clean wounds or prevent infections in minor cuts and scrapes. Antiseptics work externally and are designed to target pathogens on surfaces or skin, making them effective for maintaining skin hygiene and health. Their formulation includes agents that can kill or inhibit bacterial growth, thus creating an environment where bacteria have a reduced chance of proliferating. In contrast, antibiotics are medications used to treat infections within the body by attacking bacteria systemically, rather than providing a topical solution for prevention. Astringents primarily work by contracting and tightening skin tissues, which may help with oil control but do not specifically target bacterial growth. Moisturizers are designed to hydrate and maintain the skin's moisture barrier and do not actively prevent bacterial growth. Therefore, antiseptics are the appropriate choice for preventing bacterial growth on the skin through external application.