Pennsylvania Esthetician State Board Practice Exam

Which skin feature is characterized by a small, pigmented spot?

1. Pores

2. Freckles

3. Acne

4. Moles

The correct answer is: Freckles

A small, pigmented spot on the skin is best described as a freckle. Freckles, or ephelides, are tiny, flat brown marks that typically appear on sun-exposed areas of the skin. They are the result of an increase in the pigment melanin, often triggered by sun exposure. This pigmentation can vary in intensity and tends to be more noticeable in individuals with fair skin. In contrast, pores refer to the small openings in the skin that allow sweat and oil to escape; they are not characterized by pigmentation. Acne is primarily a condition involving inflamed skin due to clogged pores and does not typically manifest as small, pigmented spots. Moles, while also pigmented, are generally larger and can be raised, whereas freckles are usually flat and smaller in size. Therefore, the distinct characteristic of a small, pigmented spot aligns perfectly with the definition of freckles.